Biography Golden School

What is hiding the moonlight of the Vitruvian man - a drawing made by Leonardo da Vinci for about years, as an illustration for a book dedicated to the works of Vitruvius. The drawing is accompanied by explanatory inscriptions, in one of his magazines .. It depicts a figure of a naked man in two stones imposed on one another: with the hands diluted to the sides, describing the circle and square.

The drawing and text are sometimes called canonical proportions. When studying the picture, it can be noted that the combination of the arms and legs is actually four different poses. The pose with hands diluted to the sides and not diluted legs fits into the square "Square of the Ancients". On the other hand, the pose with arms and legs spread to the sides fits into the circle.

And, although, when changing poses, it seems that the center of the figure is moving, in fact, the navel of the figure that is its real center remains motionless. In the accompanying records, Leonardo da Vinci pointed out that the drawing was created to study the proportions of the male human body, as described in the treatises of the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius, which wrote the following about the human body: "Nature ordered the structure of the human body with the following proportions: the length of the four fingers is equal to the length of the palm of the palm of hand, four palms are equal to the foot, the feet are equal, the feet are equal, four palms are equal.

Six palms make up one elbow, four elbows - a person’s growth. Four elbows are equal to the step, and twenty -four palms are equal to human growth. The space between the legs placed and the floor forms an equilateral triangle.

The length of the outstretched hands will be equal to growth. The distance from the roots of the hair to the tip of the chin is equal to one tenth human height. The distance from the nipples to the crown is exactly a quarter of growth. The largest shoulder width is the eighth of growth. The beginning of the genitals is located just in the middle of the body. The distance from the toe of the leg to the knee cup is a quarter of growth, and the distance from the knee cup to the beginning of the genitals is also equal to a quarter of growth.

The drawing itself is often used as an implicit symbol of the inner symmetry of the human body. Art is inherent in the desire for harmony, proportionality, harmony. We find them in the proportions of architecture and sculpture, in the location of objects and figures, a combination of paints in painting, in the alternation of rhymes and the dimensionality of rhythm in poetry, in the sequence of musical sounds.

These properties are not invented by people. They reflect the properties of nature itself. One of the proportions is most often found in art. It was called the "Golden section". The golden section was known in antiquity. So in the book II "beginnings" Euclid, it is used in the construction of five- and decoangs. The term "golden section" was introduced by Leonardo da Vinci. If the human figure is the most perfect creation of the universe - we linen with a belt and then measure the distance from the belt to the feet, then this quantities will relate to the distance from the same belt to the crown, as the entire growth of a person belongs to the length from the belt to the feet ...

Indeed, in nature and the human body there are a lot of proportional relations close to the one that Leonardo da Vinci called the golden section. Although not embodying it for sure. By the way, the golden section, preferred in many cases, is not the only relationship visually perceived as beautiful. These include relations such as 1: 2, 1: 3. They are close to the golden section. In any work of art, several unequal, but close to the golden section of parts give the impression of the development of forms, their dynamics, proportional addition to each other.

In particular, the most common attitude based on the golden section during the construction of monuments. Is it possible to talk about the gold section in music? It is possible, if you "measure" a musical work by time of its execution. In music, the golden section reflects the features of the human perception of temporary proportions. The golden section is a guideline of shaping, especially in small works, often there is a climax.

This can also be the brightest moment or the quietest, the most dense in texture place or the most sound -high. But it also happens that a new musical theme appears at the gold section.