TASSR Biography

Cruel class battles were accompanied by a powerful national liberation movement, trying to realize the historical chance of self-determination of the peoples of the former empire. The decision on the creation of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was made at a meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP B January 26, the working commission on organizational issues and determining the borders of the republic, headed the People's Commissar for Nationalities I.

However, V. Lenin fully controlled the entire preparatory process, repeatedly met with representatives of the Tatar communist movement. In particular, the key can be called the meeting on March 22 of the city, it included: a member of the Presidium of the Central Bureau of Communist Organizations of the East of the East at the Central Committee of the RCP B, the editor of the newspaper Eshche, Burgan Mansurov, deputy chairman of the Central Bureau of the Communist Organizations of the East Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev, Chairman of the Central Bureau of the Communist Organization of the peoples of the East Sahibgars Said-Galiev.

It was, these three leaders of the Tatar Communists became the main organizers of the young republic. After several months of hard work, hot discussions and discussions, on May 27, Lenin, chairman of the All -Russian Central Executive Committee M., according to the eighth decree point before convening the first congress of the Councils of the Tatar Socialist Soviet Republic, all power in the autonomous Tatar Socialist Soviet Republic, was transferred by the Revolutionary Committee of the Republic of the famous Tatar Bolshevik, participant in the First World War And the Civil Wars of Sahib Garey Said-Galeev and, finally, on September 26 by Mansurov, the Council of People's Commissars, the chairman of which became S.

The emergence of the republic became the realization of the centuries of the people's aspirations, an important step towards national self-determination, contributed to the emergence of a phenomenon of multi-ethnic state education within the framework of the RSFSR. The outstanding role in this process was played by one of the leaders and theorists of the national liberation movement Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev.

His ideas, combining the principles of the class and anti -colonial struggle, a kind of “Islamic socialism”, who did not find support among the Bolsheviks, became in the twentieth century. In the republic, economic devastation, epidemics and hunger reigned. In the city of his receiver, he was a member of the Provisional Revolutionary Committee, who was the People's Commissar of Health Kashaf Mukhtarov.

It was K. Validov, the People's Commissar of Education of M. Brundukov, who was to manage the republic in harsh conditions of this time. This composition of the TASSR government managed to quickly overcome the consequences of economic devastation and hunger of G. at that time a multistract economy was created, combining various socio-economic forms of production: patriarchal, small-headed, private-capitalist, state capitalism and socialist.

Tatkozhtrest, for example, united 13 large industry enterprises, including a complex of former Alafuzov factories. The entrepreneurial activity of the population grew. The problem of the relationship between the Center and the region, primarily in the financial and economic sphere, remained relevant at that time. The inconsistency of the statehood of Soviet Tatarstan in the X - beginning of the GG.

All these trends were clearly manifested during the period of collectivization of agriculture and industrialization, the course on industrialization was proclaimed in December of the city The main goal was the transformation of the USSR from a predominantly agricultural state into a leading industrial. In Tatarstan, industrialization began in the city during this time built and reconstructed more industrial enterprises.

Entire branches of modern industries arose: machine -building, petrochemical, energy, light industry. They were commissioned: the Kazan Fur Plant, the Kazan Air Companion, the Pishmash plant, the synthetic rubber plant, the film photo center, the TPP-1, the TPP-2 and many other enterprises. Tatarstan has become one of the developed industrial regions of the country. More than three quarters of all products produced in the national economy of the republic were a share of industry.

The collectivization of agriculture in the TASSR, traditionally an agrarian region, was extremely difficult and contradictory. However, the peasants refused to join collective farms and rent bread to the state. Then the main enemies of Soviet power in the village were declared the so -called fists and ministers of the cult. As a result of repressive measures to g.

The fear of repressions allowed to carry out continuous collectivization, the republic in its pace and deadlines reached third place in the country. During the first five -year years, after the release of the article by I. Stalin, “Dizziness from Success”, the politician in this area experienced significant liberalization.As a result, the peasants of Tatarstan began to leave the collective farms massively and returned them only thanks to special economic and stimulating government measures-the creation of machine-tractor stations, the assistance of twenty-five thousands, the substantial financial support of collective farms and state farms, and the promotion of agricultural renders, explanatory work and other events.

By the end of the second five -year plan, the scale of collectivization reached 91.5 percent. The number of tractors has grown five times, six times - combines are 5 thousand tractors and about 2 thousand combines. The yield on collective farms reached almost 10 centners per hectare. The TASSR was awarded the Order of Lenin with the wording: “For outstanding successes in the conduct of the main agricultural work, harvesting, filling seeds, strengthening collective farms and state farms and fulfilling obligations by the state.” Success in the grandiose transformations of that time are associated with his name and organizational talent.

Under his leadership, the republic managed to carry out party plans to create collective farms in the village and heavy engineering in the republic. Abramov was awarded the Order of Lenin - the highest award of the Soviet state. Unfortunately, three years later, in May, Kiyi Alimbekovich was shot by unreasonable charges of Sultangaleevshchina. Victims of political repressions of GG.

Among them, the founders of Soviet Tatarstan S. Said-Galeev, M. Sultangaleev, classic of Tatar literature G. Ibragimov, historian M. Khudyakov, playwright Karim Tinchurin and many others. The industrialization of the economy and the collectivization of agriculture turned Tatarstan into a developed industrial and agrarian region of the country, however, the strict centralization of economic life, the actual lack of economic freedoms, republican property, as well as humanitarian costs regarding the national rights and rights of the peasant population, leveled the status of autonomy, and sometimes caused acute protests of the public.

One of the positive factors in the formation of the TASSR was the formation of a numerous, talented scientific and creative intelligentsia. In Tatar literature, the names of A. Kutuya, H. Taktash, Kavi Najmi, H. Tufan, S. Khakim, in professional music: S. S. Saydasheva, S. Gabashin, N. Zhiganov, Muzafarov, in theatrical art of K. Tinchurin, H. Abzhalyilova, F. Ilskaya, in the science of Kamai, H.

Mushtarev and many others. The flowering of Tatar professional Soviet literature, music, theater, fine art, academic research and university science contributed, in difficult conditions of state policy, preserving national self -awareness, native language, culture, and mastering the achievements of world civilization. The first national operas of Sania and Eshche were given, which were highly appreciated in the European press, opera and other theaters were opened, creative unions were formed, the media in the Tatar language and languages ​​of the peoples of the republic were developed.

The work of composer Salikh Saidashev has gained popularity throughout the country. From the first months of the Great Patriotic War, the most important military-industrial rear base of the country, defense industry, was developed in the TASSR, and the aviation industry was developed. Prominent Soviet designers A. Tupolev, S. Korolev, V. Petlyakov, V.

Glushko and others worked in Kazan, who created the famous Pi-2 dive bomber who worked on research in the field of reactive engines, which later was the basis for creating the USSR space industry. Today, the labor traditions of aircraft builders successfully continue the largest in the Russian Federation of the Aviation and Motor -Building Industry enterprises: the Kazan Aviation Plant named after S.

they make a significant contribution to strengthening the defense capability of our country. Near the chronicle of the battles, the names of the Tatarstans, who showed unprecedented courage and heroism: P. Gavrilov, M. Devyatayev, G. Gafiatullin, G. Zagitov, M. Syrtlanova and many others, are inscribed in gold letters. Among the Soviet soldiers, awarded the golden star of the Hero of the Soviet Union, the Tatars occupy 4th place in number among Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians.

The personification of the high civil and military spirit, the stamina and patriotism of Soviet people was the immortal feat of the poet-hero Musa Jalil and his associates who organized active anti-fascist resistance among prisoners of war in Germany. Including the Physical Institute.