Aristotle is an interesting biography
Home Aristotle Aristotle BC. Born in Stagira. He returned to Athens, where he founded his philosophical school - peripatics. Had a significant impact on the whole further development of scientific and philosophical thought. Works relate to all areas of knowledge of that time. He collected and systematized the enormous natural -nuclear material of his predecessors, critically appreciated it based on his philosophical views, and he himself carried out a number of deep observations.
In the physical treatises “Physics”, “On the origin and destruction”, “On the sky”, “On meteorological issues”, “Mechanics” and others set out his ideas about nature and movement. Physics is at the basis of its speculative. He considered two pairs of opposites “warm - cold” and “dry - wet”, the main lower elements, or the elements, the primary pairs of matter, or the elements, the earth, air, water and fire is a kind of “system of elements”, which are various combinations of primary qualities; Cold to the cold and dry corresponds to the earth, cold with moist - water, warm with moist - air, warm with dry - fire.
The fifth, most perfect element considered ether. He stated his views on the world in his cosmology, which dominated in science before N. according to Aristotle, the Universe consists of a number of concentric crystal spheres that move at different speeds and are set in motion of the extreme sphere of motionless stars; In the center of the universe is a spherical motionless earth, around which planets rotate along concentric circles.
The area between the orbit moon and the center of the Earth The so -called sublunar world is the area of random uneven movements, and all the bodies in it consist of four lower elements: earth, water, air and fire. Earth, as the most heavy element, occupies a central place, the membranes of water, air and fire are sequentially placed above it. The area between the orbit moon and the extreme sphere of motionless stars The so -called detonant world is the area of eternal uniform movements, and the stars themselves consist of the fifth element - ether.
Aristotle's research also relate to mechanics, acoustics and optics. In particular, the sound was explained by the “concussion” of the air with the sounding body, the echo - a reflection of sound, opposed Euclid's theory of vision. Aristotle's physics, based on the principle of the appropriateness of nature, although it contained separate proper provisions, at the same time discarded the progressive ideas of its predecessors, including the ideas of heliocentrism and atomism.
The teachings of Aristotle, which was canonized by the Church, slowed down the further development of science, the medieval churchmen emasculated his teachings, they "killed the living in Aristotor and immortalized the dead."