Robert Brown Biography

Robert Brown - all children have an amazing gift from birth. He delivers a lot of trouble for adults, but the children themselves give a chance to grow wiser and grow up. We are talking about curiosity or, if you like, curiosity. Our next hero possessed it to such an extent that he did not miss a single plant of a flower, shrub, trees, without understanding what it is called, where it is still growing, useful or poisonous, at what time its flowering occurs.

It is not surprising that he became one of the best botanists in the literal sense of the word of his era, and also became famous for opening the movement of pollen zyren in a liquid that today's physicists in his honor are respectfully called the Brownian movement, established the presence of a nucleus in plant cells, and also introduced the concept of covered -seeded and gorod seeds.

It all started with the fact that on December 21, the parents, without thinking twice, gave the baby the name Robert, which means “glorious”, which, as the future will show, turned out to be very successful. The Scottish town of Montros, the birthplace of Robert, was small, and therefore its inhabitants knew each other well. The father of the future botanist, Rev.

James Brown enjoyed the respect of fellow countrymen and was known to a man of deep faith and firm beliefs. He was not afraid to say that he thought, even “the powerful of this world” and in this spirit cultivated both his flock and households. Many expected Robert to become a successor to the priests dynasty, but he chose another ministry, engaged in the study of God's creation.

The first steps in the knowledge of the sciences Robert are taking at home, then he is determined in the Marishala College in Aberdine, and at 16 he becomes a student at Edinburgh University, where he studies with zeal of medicine and botanist. Not having time to finish his studies to receive a diploma, in the city of Brown is in the army: there is another Anglo-French war, and the war needs soldiers and doctors.

Now Robert is not some student, but Fenrich ensign and assistant surgeon. Since its regiment is located in Ireland, where hostilities do not go on happiness, the future scientist has a good supply of free time. Wanting not to waste it, he is indulging in German grammar, reading books on botany and biology, taking the patients obliges patients! It was at this time that Brown meets Botanik Joseph Banks, the president of the Royal Scientific Society, thanks to the patronage of which he will subsequently become a successful and famous scientist.

Sir Banks, impressed by seriousness, hard work and determination of Brown, recommends a young researcher on an expedition to the shores of Australia on the “Investigator” vessel “researcher” as a botanist. The study of the nature of exotic places was a real breakthrough for the young Brown: already in the first three weeks he collected more species of plants almost unknown to Western science.

And when 4 years later the expedition returned to her homeland, in the collection of the scientist there were near species of Australian plants, many birds and minerals for the collection of Sir Banks.

The patron of Brown appreciated the achievements of his protege: this was the most successful expedition to distant countries in the number of collected exhibits. Banks, without long thoughts, appoints Brown to the secretary and librarian of the Royal Scientific Society, provides him with a solid salary, so that a promising and responsible young scientist, without being distracted, engaged in an important business - a scrupulous description of the trophies obtained in the expedition.

As a result, Brown took up the classification, advanced biological terminology for new borders: he avoided unnecessary innovations, corrected the names of old families, established new ones, and divided the highest plants into gymnosperms and covered. It may seem that the childhood spent in the church environment finally disappeared from the soul of a talented natural scientist.

However, in his records, Brown notes: "The knowledge of God in the world is the first movement of the mind, awaken from the living fuss." Finally, in the city of Brown, he opened the movement of pollen grains in liquid, known today as a Brownian movement. Looking at the pollen into the microscope, he noticed that the pollen grains floating in plant juice are moving randomly and zigzago in all directions.

It seemed that the smallest particles behave like living things, and their movement became more active with an increase in temperature and with a decrease in particle size. And most importantly - it never stopped, so that it could be observed arbitrarily long. At first, Brown decided that in the microscope field, really living creatures fell, pollen are the male gender cells of plants, but later found that particles from dead plants taken from herbaria dried to this way move in the same way.

Later this movement was called "Brownian." However, for the botanist himself the reason for such a phenomenon will remain a mystery. Only later, her explanation will be presented to humanity Albert Einstein in the city of that time Robert Brown acquires a persistent authority in the world of scientists. From g.During this period, he opens the core in a plant cage, describes herbaria collected by other scientists, and heads the library.

By summer age, forces begin to leave a scientist, and he gradually ceases his research. And June 10, G.