Comet biography

First of all, these are comets, which are also called caustic stars. These are small, in the size of a few kilometers, blocks of stone and ice. According to Kepler's laws, the comet, like other bodies of the solar system, move through elliptical orbits. But their orbits are very elongated, so that the most remote point from the Sun is usually located much further than the orbit of the most distant planet - Pluto.

When a comet from the cold depth of the cosmos approaches the sun, it becomes even visible with the naked eye. As it approaches the sun, its strong radiation begins to heat the body of the comet and the frozen gases evaporate. They expand, enveloping the solid body of the comet and forming its giant gas "head". Solar radiation affects the gas so much that part of it is blown out of the comet’s head and forms a comet “tail”, accompanying it along the whole path near the sun.

Most comets appear only once and then forever disappears in the depths of the solar system, where they came from. But there are exceptions - periodic comets. The dimensions of the orbits of most comets are thousands of times larger than the diane of the planetary system. Near the aphritis of their orbits, comets are most of the time, so that on the distant outskirts of the solar system there is a cloud of comet - the so -called Oort cloud.

Its origin is apparently connected with the gravitational release of ice bodies from the planet zone - giants during their formation. The Oort cloud contains billions of comic nuclei. In all comets, when they move in the area occupied by planets, the orbits change under the influence of attracting planets. At the same time, among the comets that have come from the periphery of the Oort cloud, about half acquires hyperbolic orbits and is lost in the interstellar space.

In others, on the contrary, the sizes of orbits decrease, and they begin to return to the sun more often. Changes in orbits are especially large with close rapprocheces of comets with giant planets. It is known near short -period comets, which approach the Sun in a few years or decades and therefore relatively quickly waste the substance of their core.

Comet orbits are crossed with planet orbits, so occasionally, clashes of comets with planets should occur. Some of the craters on the moon, Mercury, Mars and other bodies were formed as a result of the blows of the cores of comets.