Arakcheev is a brief biography

Interesting facts Biography Count Alexei Arakcheev - commander and military leader, member of the unspoken committee, holder of the rank of general artillery. He served as a military minister under Alexander I, and was also the chief head of the imperial office. The officer’s activity was remembered by the introduction of reforms, as well as the emergence of the concept of Arakcheevschina.

Childhood and youth Alexei Arakcheev was born on September 23 on October 4. According to one assumption, a native of the noble family was born in the Novgorod province, according to others - in the village of Kurgan near Tver. The biographers of the military leader believed that the place of birth could become the Udomelsky district or the village of Garusovo in the Vyshnevolotsky district.

Confirm data appeared in the year. In the found metric record, Garusovo was indicated. Aleksey received primary education thanks to the local deacon. Arakcheev liked mathematics - he demonstrated a tendency to exact sciences from a young age. Father planned to arrange his son in the artillery cadet corps in St. Petersburg. With Andrei Arakcheev, a contribution was required in the amount of rubles, but he did not possess such means.

Assistance was provided by General Peter Ivanovich Melissino. Arakcheev Jr. turned out to be a capable student, so by the year he received the rank of officer. Alexei was engaged in tutoring with the children of Nikolai Saltykov. The place helped him to find the same Melissino. For some time, Arakcheev taught cadets geometry, but for cruel circulation was transferred to the army, where he served at the headquarters of his patron.

The turning point in the biography of the young Arakcheev was the request of Grand Duke Paul. The heir to the throne asked to choose a quick officer to fulfill instructions. Alexei fully justified the recommendation about him. He conducted the exercises of the troops and conquered Paul with his devotion and skills. Soon the young man received the rank of commandant Gatchina. Personal life according to the descriptions of contemporaries, Arakcheev was a harsh and unattractive man.

Alexei did not know how to compensate for this with charm and was not interested in courtship for high -society young ladies. The officer bought attractive fortress girls and was content with them. If one was tired, he gave her married with dowry and found another. The debugged system collapsed when Arakcheev fell in love with Nastasya Minkin. At the time of acquaintance, the girl was 19 years old.

She achieved such a location that she led the household and ruled the courtyards. Nastasya was distinguished by a cool disposition and ingenuity. Unable to give birth to a child to Arakcheev, she portrayed a pregnancy and bought a baby from a peasant. The count who was at home by the Count was happy and did not find out about deception. The son was called Mikhail. For him, noble documents were purchased for the surname Shumsky.

Despite the presence of a lover, for whom a separate outbuilding was rebuilt and a monument on the estate was even erected, Arakcheev was combined with a marriage with another. Natalya Khomutova became the legitimate wife of the military leader. The newly made countess was 18 years old. The husband turned out to be rude and jealous, did not let out Natalia out of the house, and once she left him.

Long exhortations made her return to her husband, but soon the girl left for her mother forever. Since then, Arakcheev had a biased to the Institute of Marriage. The officer made lovers among wives of seekers of officials and awards. Over time, a deception revealed about his son, but Arakcheev forgave his mistress. Having matured, Mikhail found out that his father and mother were not relatives.

This caused constant drunkenness. The condescending Alexander I gave him the opportunity to serve with his father in the rank of lieutenant. Nastasya Minkin was killed by a peasant, whose sister she publicly tortured with rods. Unable to withstand cruelty, the man made his way into the chambers and cut the woman’s throat. Upon learning of this, Arakcheev conducted an execution for serfs, and sent some to exile.

Despite the fact that the numerous betrayals of Minkina were later revealed, Arakcheev did not find her replacement. The military career and reforms after the ascent of Paul I to the throne of the career of Alexei Arakcheev went uphill. Major General received the title of Baron, and soon became a count. The sharp character of Arakcheev repaired his intrigues. He was severe with his subordinates and once even brought to the suicide of the major.

For this he was resigned. But Pavel took pity and returned the close, making him commander of the artillery battalion. Subsequently, Alexei Andreevich took the position of inspector of artillery of the Russian army. A second oversight in his career occurred when, burning out a loved one, Arakcheev slandered the innocent. The deception was opened. The officers were suspended, and he lived in the Gruzino estate before the coming to power of Alexander I.

In the year of the soldier, he was restored in authority. After 2 years, he participated in the battle of Austerlitz. Then, with his assistance, the military commission created a new system of guns. In the year, Arakcheev became a general from artillery, and then the inspector general and military minister. He made innovations, which affected the simplifications of correspondence, recruitment depot, training battalions and artillery reorganization.

Thanks to him, officers had the opportunity to increase the level of vocational education.There have been changes in financial management. The beneficial effect of Arakcheev’s decisions became obvious from the year. From the year, Arakcheev led the troops opposing the Swedes. In m, he participated in the battles against Napoleon Bonaparte, managing army reserves and military supports.

After the war, he became the head of the military department of the State Council. Alexey Arakcheev was the only one who reported to the sovereign about the activities of the Committee of Ministers. The man was afraid and bowed to his figure. By that time, he became the head of military settlements, numbering about thousand. Their idea was to force peasants to combine military service with work on Earth.

It was assumed that this would help reduce the costs of maintaining the army, and the peasants could avoid recruitment service. Under the settlements, lands were allocated in several areas. From there, landowner estates were removed. The houses that remained here were bought up by the state. Life in the settlements went on clear regulations, and non -discovery entailed bodily punishment.

Agricultural work began on the command of officers, which led to a fall in the volume of the crop. Over time, such a way began to provoke riots. In Mrakcheev, he became a member of the Siberian Committee. In the years, Alexei Andreevich dominated the conservative Russian party. He contributed to the resignation of the Minister of Theological Affairs of Alexander Golitsyn.

Death retiring in the year, the count began to travel. In M, the politician and military leader, famous for the severity, donated 50 thousand to the state borrowed bank. In the year, the entire amount was supposed to go to the one who would create the best description of the reign of Alexander I, published it and ensured the translation. Arakcheev also put capital on the education of the poor nobles in the Novgorod Cadet Corps.

In old age, a man, who was one of the most contradictory figures in history, repented in severity. He was often sick and died on April 21 on May 3. The cause of death was poor health. Now his portraits are published in history textbooks. Arakcheev recommended interesting facts in the year by the sovereign of the protege of Alexei Ermolov to the post of military minister.

The emperor made that governor in the Caucasus. According to Ermolov’s memoirs, not all decisions of the patron were accurate and prudent, and some turned out to be short -sighted. Arakcheev called himself "uneducated Novgorod peasant", but owned a personal library, which was considered one of the best in Russia. In the year, Alexei Andreevich created a secret project for the liberation of peasants from duties, which turned out to be like an offer put forward by the Decembrists.

The opponent of bribery, he did not accept the offers from the seekers of the ranks, but did not publicly publicize the names of seeking help.

Arakcheev was the only gentleman of the Order of the Crescent, granted on behalf of the Ottoman Empire.