Print the biography of Kuprin

Kuprin rich in the life of Kuprin, his diverse work, his dramatic biography - all this makes up an extremely complex picture. Therefore, there is no need to repeat how the work of Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin is loved in our country, how his works “Moloch”, “Olesya”, “In the Circus”, “Duel”, “Grenade Bracelet”, “Librignus”, “Gambrinus”, “Sunnires”, “Zheneta” are loved in our country. It is safe to say that the Kuprin writer received a popular recognition in our country.

Amazing and tragic fate. Born on August 26 on September 7 in the provincial town of Narovchat Penza province. Early orphans, a father, a small official, died when the boy was a year and the mother was forced to send her son to the Sirot School. But, apparently, over the years of teaching, especially the teachings at the Alexander School, Kuprin was connected not only by bitter memories: nevertheless, it was youth, with friends, the first youthful hobbies, the first literary experiments.

It was then that Kuprin fell in love with Moscow - this peculiar, not similar to other city, the whole world - with patriarchal mores, a fee infringed in the rights of the capital, his celebrities and his sweet eccentrics, myths and legends and such a whole, unique appearance. Over the years, Kuprin received a fairly complete education: among the objects passed, there were Russian, German and French languages, mathematics, physics, geography, history, literature "literature".

Literature for the future writer began with poems and poetic translations. But soon he was disappointed in poetry and switched to prose. Then the story "The Last Debut" was written. The Moscow poet, the kindest eccentric Lyor Ivanovich Palmin, who seemed to the nineteen -year -old cadet old man, helped to attach this work in the Russian satirical leaf, the kind of eccentric, the oldest eccentric.

Kuprin experienced the happiness and pride of this episode of his life, he described in the story "Typographic paint" and the novel "Junker". However, the publication of the story had other consequences. The fact is that Kuprin completely forgot that to print the work, it was necessary to permit the head of the school. As a result, Kuprin got into the punishment cell, as the company commander Drozd "for the ignorance of the internal service" put it.

In August, Second Lieutenant Alexander Kuprin, released from the school "in the first category", is appointed to the service, to the southwestern border of Russia, to the Deep Province, so brightly described by him in the story "Wedding" and "Stug". Years of service gave him material for such beautiful, suffered works, such as the stories "Inquiry", "Overnight", the story "Fuel".

In those years, Kuprin, obviously, had not seriously thought about becoming a professional writer, but continued the literary work, which was, as it were, an outlet from the musty world in which he ended up, printed something in provincial newspapers, and the story “In Poles” was even adopted by the St. Petersburg magazine “Russian wealth”. Love is one of the main topics in Kuprin's work.

The heroes of his works “lit” by this vivid feeling are more fully revealed. In the stories of this wonderful author, love is usually disinterested and selfless. After reading a large number of his works, one can understand that he is always tragic, and it is obviously doomed to suffering. In the year, Kuprin creates his first large significant work - the story "Olesya", very bright, sad, romantic, devoid of melodramaticism.

The world of Olesya is the world of spiritual harmony, the world of nature. He is alien to Ivan Timofeevich, a representative of a cruel, big city. Olesya attracts him with his “unusualness”, “there was nothing like local girls in her”, naturalness, simplicity and some kind of elusive inner freedom attracted to her image, like a magnet. Olesya, grew up among the forest. She did not know how to read and write, but she possessed huge spiritual wealth and strong character.

Ivan Timofeevich is educated, but not decisive, and his kindness is more like cowardice. These two completely different people love each other, but this love does not bring happiness to the heroes, its outcome is tragic. Ivan Timofeevich feels that he fell in love with Olesya, he would even like to marry her, but he was stopped by doubt: “I didn’t even dare to imagine what Olesya will be dressed in a fashionable dress, talking in the living room with the wives of my colleagues, pulled out of the charming framework of the old forest, full of legends and mysterious forces.” He realizes that Olesya will not be able to change, become different, and he himself does not want her to change.

After all, to become different means becoming the same as everyone else, and this is impossible. Poetizing life, not limited by modern social and cultural frames, Kuprin sought to show the obvious advantages of a “natural” person in which he saw spiritual qualities lost in a civilized society. The meaning of the story is to approve the high norm of a person.Kuprin is looking for in the real, everyday life of people, obsessed with a high sense of love that can rise at least in dreams of prose of life.

As always, he turns his eyes to the “little” person. So the story "Pomegranate Bracelet" arises, which tells about sophisticated comprehensive love. This story about hopeless and touching love. Kuprin himself understands love as a miracle, as a wonderful gift. The death of the official revived the life of a woman who did not believe in love, which means that love still defeats death. In general, the story is dedicated to the internal awakening of faith, its gradual awareness of the true role of love.

To the sounds of music, the degeneration of the soul of the heroine occurs. From the cold contemplation to a hot, trembling feeling of himself, a person in general, the world - this is the path of a heroine who once contacted a rare guest of the earth - love. In Kuprin, love is a hopeless platonic feeling, besides a tragic one. Moreover, in the chastity of the Kuprin heroes there is something angry, and in relation to a loved one, the man and woman seemed to change their roles.

This is characteristic of the energetic, strong -willed “Polesie sorceress” Oles in relations with “good, but only weak Ivan Timofeevich“ and smart, calculating Shurochka - with “pure and kind Romashov” “duel”. The underestimation of oneself, the disbelief to its right to possess a woman, a convulsive desire to close up - these features finish the Kuprin hero with a fragile soul that fell into a cruel world.

Closed in itself, such love has a creative creative force. Zheltkov passes away without complaints, without reproaches, as a prayer is pronouncing: "May your name is hooked." The works of Kuprin, despite the complexity of situations and often a dramatic end, are filled with optimism and love of life. You close the book, and in your soul a feeling of something bright remains for a long time.

The energy of youth has not yet been exhausted to the end. In the year, while in Moscow, he tries to join the troupe of the Moscow Art Theater, but he fails, but he enters the circle of writers of the Moscow Literary circle "Wednesday", uniting democratically determined writers-realists. Finally, at the end of the year of the bastard life, the end takes place: having received the head of the fiction department of the magazine for all - the opposition liberal monthly, which was a huge circulation at that time - eighty thousand copies, the writer settles in St.

Petersburg, and a few months later marries the twenty -year -old Maria Karlovna Davydova and becomes an employee of the magazine "World God ". In the life of Kuprin, a new period begins - the period of magazine work, sedentary, except for trips to the Crimea, prosperity, literary fame, and after the release of the "duel" - glory. The story brought Kuprin loud fame. On the day, he received up to fifty reader letters, indignant and admiring, the novel was widely discussed in the press, one publication followed another.

Oddly enough, the next few years of work for Kuprin were relatively unproductive. Of the significant works created in years, you can perhaps only call the stories "at rest", "Conocrads", "White Poodle". Kuprin participated in the selection of materials for the magazine, was engaged in the review of current fiction, after the death of Chekhov he wrote memories of him. Work in the magazine took a lot of time.

The autumn of the year, the writer and his family spent in the Crimea, in Balaclava. At the charity evening in Sevastopol, he read the monologue of Nazansky from the "fight"; There were a lot of military in the hall, a scandal erupted, which no one was able to extinguish the then -famous sailor Lieutenant Peter Petrovich Schmidt; A few days later he paid a visit to Kuprin.

And a month later, under the leadership of the new acquaintance of Kuprin, an uprising on the cruiser “Ochakov” broke out, and the writer was destined to become a witness to the ruthless reproduction of the troops faithful to the government with the rebels. He described the events of a terrible night in correspondence to the new life of the St. Petersburg newspaper; After its publication, Vice Admiral Chukhnin gave the order to expel Kuprin from the limits of the Sevastopol mayor at forty-eight hours.

However, "even before the eviction from Balaklava, Kuprin with a great risk for himself managed to save from the persecution of the gendarmes of the Ochakov sailors who reached the shore. From the conspiratorial apartment, the revolutionary E. Levenson, who provided Kuprin with complete confidence, he helped the sailors to go beyond the line of the city and hide under the guise of workers in the people's ownership of the composer Blaramberg ".

The writer in the year dedicated the story "Caterpillar" to this event. Democratic motives are clearly heard in other works of Kuprin, among which the satirical stories "Mechanical Justice", "Rigans" are distinguished. In the year, a wonderful story of the writer “Gambrinus” appears, which refers to the power of the human spirit, not broken by the dark forces, whose revelry was inspired by tsarism.In the year, the marriage of Alexander Ivanovich and Maria Karlovna actually broke up, and Elizaveta Moritzna Heinrich, who became a faithful friend of Kuprin, who survived the most difficult years and his former guardian angel became his wife.

In the year, Kuprin is actively working on the story "Yama", dedicated to a rather risky topic at that time: the life of one of the public houses of the Russian provincial city. He sought to introduce the reader to the life of a public house, as it were, day after day, to show the mechanism of functioning of this unnatural commercial institution, his object of sale - for a fifty dollars, a trash, five - love becomes.

The writer depicted the sphere of reality, the existence of which was known to everyone, although few knew how exactly this dirty, corrupt world exists, what living people were in it. In general, the year was inexperienced - “Instead of writing a“ pit ”, I write the little things on what to live on? I have already stolen everything.

I will involuntarily write what I got and where it got.” In the year, A. Kuprin sells the right to publish his full works in nine volumes to the Publishing House of A. Marx; The hundred thousandth fee speaks of the enormous popularity of the writer. Obviously, there was enough money received from Marx for a while - the house in Gatchina was purchased in installments, and in the year Kuprin wrote: “I have nothing but debts.

The house was laid down twice, many things, as they say,“ pomegranate bracelet ”is published in the year, and“ telegraph player ”and“ holy lie ”, beautiful stories, lyrical, lyric, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical, lyric, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical, lyric, lyrical, lyrical, lyrical. Thin, sad, showing that the soul of their author was not covered with a crust of well -being, that he can love and condolences with the same force.

Ksenia grew up in the Kuprins, guests were frequent; In the spring, lilac raged in Gatchina. In November - the year of the twenty -five years of his literary activity - Kuprin, of his own free will, went to the army, served in Finland, but already in May of next year he was recognized as worthless to the service for health reasons. In the Kuprins' house they arranged a infirmary, and Elizaveta Moritovna and Ksenia began to provide feasible help to the wounded.

After the end of the First World War and the defeat, whites in the civil war, Kuprin leaves Russia in the year. Having lived for about 20 years in France, Kuprin could not adapt abroad. The financial situation of the Kuprins family was very difficult. The writer's earnings were random in nature, Elizabeth Moritovna had no commercial grip, and her small enterprises were not successful. The old, well -known works of Kuprin were translated into French, but it was more and more difficult to write new ones.

And she oppressed the longing for Russia Kuprin terribly.