Mirkasym Usmanov biography

Memory of Mirkasyma Abdulakhatovich Usmanov for the summer from the birthday of B. Khamidullin and regional studies named after The main milestones of his life and creative path are reproduced, the results of his scientific research are characterized, his contribution to the study and development of source studies and historiography of the history of the Tatar people and Tatarstan is indicated.

Particular attention is paid to the research of M. Usmanov by the source of the history of the Golden Horde. Keywords: Mirkasym Usmanov, a scientist, a writer, social life, source studies, the history of the Tatars, the Golden Horde for quoting: Khamidullin B. The future talented, deeply erudite, the world famous Tatar historian M. Usmanov was born on May 31.

Primary education M. Usmanov received at Kuljing Tatar school, where he entered the city of students, good, good, good, good, good that the teachers there were pupils of the notorious teacher Gabdulla Bubi Nigmatullina, simultaneously with the medieval Tatar folklore, literature and historiography, along with the work of Miftteetdin Akmullah, Shigabutdin Marjani and Gabdullah Tuky, also studied the life of such prohibited representatives of the Tatar humanitarian humanitarian The intelligentsia, like Ismail Gasprinsky, Dardman, Gayaz Iskhaki, Galimjan Ibragimov, etc.

After graduating from grade 4, M. Usmanov studied at the Russian gymnasium of Kulji, which also gave him a good understanding of Russian history and culture. All this, of course, significantly expanded the horizons of young Mirkasym and created the capital base, the foundation of his future worldview and life. As Mirkasym Abdulakhatovich himself pointed out, and this is emphasized by many of his colleagues, close acquaintance with the Tatar culture in Kulje gave him a decisive advantage over other fellow tribesmen who were born and received an education in the USSR, and accommodation in the polyetical region of the Eastern Turkestan naturally contributed to the mastery of various, closely related Turkic languages, Uyghur.

Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uzbek and other Arabic graphics, which Tatars and Uyghurs of North-West China are still using it, has been very well known to him since childhood; Subsequently, he used it even in personal correspondence with an oriental colleagues, for example, with Islamic Anas Khalidov and Turkologist Michael Friedrich. All this had a significant impact on the professional qualities of M.

Usmanov as a historian-source and in his literary, including translation activities. In the city in the gg. As a student, he actively traveled to the dialectological and archaeological expeditions of KSU, participated in the scientific and research work of various departments, in the Constituent Congress of the Society of Archeology, History and Ethnography of the KSU received the specialty of Archival Veda, was left at the department and went to his native Alma Mater from the assistant to the vice-rector.

The main area of ​​scientific research by M. Usmanov whose good idea was fully supported by the head of the Department of History of the USSR, Associate Professor Shamil Mukhamedyarov and head of the Department of Tatar literature, Associate Professor, a member of the Writers of the USSR, Khatib Usmanov, was the organizer and scientific director of at least 53 archaeographic expeditions of KSU to various regions of the country, in the country.

35 of them took a direct part. I also note that about 10 thousand manuscripts and about 1.5 thousand rare old -printed publications in various oriental languages ​​were collected to the city of Usmanov and his colleagues, which now represent the most valuable archival fund of our republic, for example, if on January 1st of January 1 The archaeographic expeditions of the KSU, the visual and substantial characteristics of the identified manuscripts and rare books were devoted to the book of M.

Usmanov “Kaury Kalem Ezenin: archaeographer of the jamalar” [3]. From G. he lectured on the source studies of ethnogenesis, political agencies and culture-genesis of the Tatar and other Turkic peoples, on the history of the Volga region and the Urals, on the Tatar paleography and the Old Tatar language. At the same time, in gg. By the way, it was in these years that he was my scientific director of student coursework and the diploma graduation work on the historiography of the ethnopolitical history of the Volga Bulgaria.

For this, I am sincerely grateful to fate, because she gave me the opportunity for many years of close communication with an outstanding scientist, a gifted prose writer and publicist, wise and demanding teacher, who also had the talent of the organizer of the important industry of M. Usmanov’s creative activity was a consistent study of the history of Tatar literature and public thought.

Large science science, literary and documentary work M. Usmanova was dedicated to the famous orientalist and Turkologist Khusaina Fazhanov [15]. It was through the translations of M. Usmanov, who in the city, along with the translation works, focusing on young readers and adolescents, in the 10th. The twentieth century M. Usmanov wrote literary and documentary works in adventurous adventure and popular science genres.

The indicated works of M.Usmanova should be considered a worthy contribution to the Tatar children's and youth literature. Usmanov deservedly elected a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR, and to this day both writers and readers are very respect for his literary work [8; 11]. Usmanov also always paid great attention to popular science and journalistic performances on the pages of periodicals, in which, incidentally, he never forgot about the Tatar diaspora of the countries of Central Asia and the PRC.

The chosen part of publications of this content was reprinted in the city of Usmanov was a scientific consultant to the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan on the Turkic-Tatar and Eastern manuscript books.

He made a significant contribution to the formation of the department of rare books and manuscripts of the library, the development of his research and archaeographic activity. Usmanov was part of the Board of Trustees of the National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan and in this capacity contributed to the increase in its role as a scientific, cultural and educational center of the republic.

From the very first days of holding the Constituent Assembly and the creation of the Tatar Pen-Center since April, Usmanov, together with the famous Tatar prose writers, poets, playwrights and publicists Amirkhan Eniki, Tufan Minnullin, Razil Valeev, Ildar Yuzeev, Rafael Mustafin, Nurikhan Fattach Ahatt Mushinsky and Rkail Zidulla, becomes his member of the so -called “first convocation”.

This regional public organization of writers of the Republic of Tatarstan unites outstanding representatives of the Tatar intelligentsia in the noble business of preservation and development, as well as the popularization of Tatar culture and history, including in the international arena. The Active role in the activities of the Tatar Pen-Center was played by the Tufan Minnullin, Mirkasim Usmanov, Razil Valeev, Ahat Mushinsky, who initiated cooperation with leading universities, archives and libraries of the world, as well as the publication of Tatar art and historical literature in the Tatar, Russian, Turkish and English languages.

In the Scheches-Lirez series, with the active participation of M., M. Us-Manov invested a lot of his spiritual and physical forces, for he was not only the ideological inspirer of the entire project, the author and editor of individual books, but also provided support from officials of different levels of state bodies and philanthropists. This enormous work of the scientist was appreciated by the leadership of Tatarstan - in the city of a decree on the award of M.

Usmanov, Gospremia of the Republic of Tatarstan was signed by the President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov, which indicates the respectful attitude of the leadership of the Republic of Tatarstan to the outstanding historian and teacher, the organizer of scientific and educational projects. This thought of mine is confirmed by another important fact. President of the Republic of Tatarstan M.

Shaimiev issued a decree “On the creation of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan”, which noted that the Academy of Sciences of the RT is established in order to ensure a high level of development of fundamental sciences in the republic, strengthen their role in solving urgent problems of material and spiritual culture, national economy, and coordination of scientific research.

The vice-rector of the Kazan State University for educational work, Professor M. Usma, who became an academician of the Department of the Humanities of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, a member of the Main Scientific and Editorial Collegium of the Tatar Encyclopedia and the chairman of its scientific editorial collection on the history of Tatarstan and the Tatar people to the twentieth century, play an active role in this process.

A little later, in the “zero” years, M. Usmanov becomes the vice -president of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, and then the adviser to the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, at the same time being, in particular, the curator of the Academic journal “Scientific Tatarstan”, in which he literally only before his death he published one of his last scientific articles -“On the fate of Kazan Oriental Studies”.

I note that for 13 years I was the editor -in -chief of the FEN Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the Academy of Sciences and the deputy chief editor of the magazines of scientific Tatarstan and Fenny Tatarstan, therefore, in those years, quite often and for a long time communicated with his respected university teacher thanks to M. Usmanov, who had a peremptory international authority, contacts of the Academy of Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of and many humanitarian research institutions of other regions of the Russian Federation, post-Soviet space, other states.

New joint projects appeared, under his direct leadership, academic collective monographs on the history and culture of the Tatars were prepared under his direct leadership, addressed to English -speaking and Turkic -speaking readers. He was one of the organizers of many major international symposia and conferences held in the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, in particular the I World Forum of Tatar Scientists in October, the First All-Russian Organizational Congress of Orientalists of the Russian Federation in Elista, M.

Usmanov elected the President of the Society of Orientalists of the Russian Academy of Sciences, once again confirming his status of a well-known professional archaeographer, by the way, II All-Russian congress of orientalists He took place in the city a little later, in the cityThe then chairman of the Executive Committee of Kazan Kamil Ishakov, in the middle of the X, paid attention to the international authority of Mirkasyma Abdulakhatovich, in the middle of the X.

The twentieth century, actively lobbying for the famous archaeologist, professor Alfred Khalikov Kamil Shamilievich turned to M. Usmanov with a request to lead scientific research on this topic. Usmanov, being a professional, highly qualified researcher and in life, quite a fundamental person, well understood that society needed truthful, most scientifically sound information about the age of Kazan.

The scale of the global thinking of the academician, his personal qualities of the diplomat, strategist and tactics, talented and initiative and in some situations and a tough, extremely demanding organizer led him to the main thought worthy of all praise - using all his ties in the world scientific community, the financial and personnel capabilities of Tatarstan, he attracted this difficult subjects from all over the world from the world None of the adequate archaeologists and historians could question.

He also developed a thoroughly step-by-step research program, which primarily included work with archaeological and written sources, as well as a number of international scientific conferences. At the end of the twentieth century. As a result of meticulous archaeological excavations on the territory of Kazan, on the site of 20 archaeological excavations, archaeologists found rare coins, weapons and household items, jewelry, tools, leather products, metal alloys, different ceramics, more than 2 thousand objects, perennial work in archives, libraries and museums of Turkey, Egypt, Iran, Hungary, Germany and Germany and Germany and Germany and Germany and Hungary other countries of the world in which 10 previously unknown manuscripts and 56 unknown maps were discovered, where, under various names on the site of today's Kazan, a city was marked, and several scientific conferences, for example, in the city of At the same time, scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences announced that archaeologists and historians of Tatarstan developed a fundamentally new method of dating the age of cities, which is a unique discovery in world science.

According to this decree, the celebration took place on August 30, on the eve of this significant date, on August 4, the preparation for identifying the age of the city of Kazan was, in particular, one of the prerequisites for the creation by decree of the first president of the Republic of Tajikistan of the Min-Timer Shaimiev of June 14, the leadership and employees of the new research institute took an active part in the work on establishing the date of the emergence of Kazan, which is why Kazan’s expert schools in archaeologists and historians and historians and historians They became widely known all over the world.

In the second half of the x. This work would mean a coup of all our ideas about the history of the modern Tatar people, since everyone perfectly understood the politicization and extreme subjectivity of the previous historiography of the periods of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. A huge positive role in organizing work on a 7-volume, in an invitation of a large number of authoritative foreign and local authors, in the search for sponsors of the publication, etc.

Separately, it is necessary to say about the main “brainchild” of M. Usmanov in the indicated project - about the 3rd volume of “The History of the Tatars since ancient times”, dedicated to the background and the history of the Golden Horde [9]. The future academician was professionally engaged in the study of the history of ulus Juchi, while still a student of KSU, participating in archaeological expeditions to the territory of the southern capitals of this medieval state in the Lower Volga region and publishing scientific articles in Moscow and Kazan, for example, in the magazine “Soviet Archeology”.

In and gg. And published by him in the city