Gropius brief biography

On the topic: 10 facts about Ludwig Misa Van Der Roet Gropius Figure in World Architecture and Design are huge, but there are not many implemented buildings. Gropius became famous primarily as the creator and first director of the Bauhaus school. His second merit: the transfer of the ideas of modernism through the Atlantic in the United States, where he actively worked as a teacher and as a designer-practitioner, which contributed to the development of the modern movement.

Its main contribution is the creation of a powerful ideological apparatus. Gropois knew exactly what problems the architecture should solve, he was engaged in industrial buildings a lot. He was incredibly talented in communicating with people, knew how to convince and lead behind himself. The building of the Fagus factory, together with A. Meyer, Hussar Walter. In addition to unfinished architectural education, Munich Technical University, Gropius had a military education.

With he studied in the Cadet Corps of the Hussar Regiment, where he met with cold reception and ridicule from young aristocrats. Gropius came from a bourgeois wealthy family of hereditary architects his grandfather worked with Karl Shinkel.

However, even for his family, to keep the horse, the uniform and participate in the balls turned out to be obscenity, and the hussar career had to be left. Nevertheless, until the end of his life, Gropius was an excellent rider, loved to ski, play tennis and adored sport in any kind. Walter Gropius with Ilze and Manon on the picnic. Surtsy of Marina Mahler. It is noteworthy that he received the “Iron Cross” at the very beginning of the First World War: the award introduced in the year by Emperor Frederick Wilhelm III.

He received the award for unprecedented courage and work with a coherent, who he was the whole war. Luck accompanied him: he survived several times in situations where everyone around was dying. At the very end of the war, there was a particularly commemorative battle for him, during which he lay for two days under the rubble of a bombed headquarters and reflected on the impossibility of his former life.

It was during the war that his idea of ​​a new type of educational institution was formed, subsequently implemented at the Bauhaus school. The legendary archive of Bauhaus Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, is now closed for many years of reconstruction. The first lecture. It is known that Gropius poorly and reluctantly painted an injury of the hand obtained in his youth during the game of tennis, but was a brilliant lecturer.

He gave the first public lecture to the Volkwang Museum. It was there that as an architect, he rebuilt the interiors. The director of the museum met a young designer and invited him to speak publicly. The main idea of ​​Gropius’s first performance was quite revolutionary: the new architectural aesthetics can and should appear on the basis of existing structures - American elevators, monumental and majestic.

Gropius kept the abstract of this lecture all his life, and Le Corbusier later presented the photos of elevators. From this lecture, he made an article that was published in the Deutscher Werkbund collection for the year. And the very idea of ​​seeing the forms of new architecture in these elevators made a strong impression on the architects among them were Le Corbusier and Antonio St.

Elia. Alma Mahler. The famous wife. Gropius was the first marriage to be married to a note by Viennese beauty Alme Maler of a nee Schindler. They met in the year in the sanatorium. The marriage was short -lived, continued since the years. Alma was considered the most beautiful girl of Vienna: the artist Gustav Klimt looked after a summer beauty, but she married the composer and conductor Gustav Malera.

However, even during his life with Maler, Alma began Roman Walter Gropius, who married after the death of the composer. In parallel, Alma managed to start a passionate romance with the artist Oscar Kokoshka, who later devoted to her the painting “Bride of the Wind”. In a short marriage with Gropius, their common daughter Manon was born. A residential building in the Hanzafirt according to the project of Gropius.

How to teach? Gropius owns one of the most spectacular and brief architectural manifestos. He formulated his views on architectural education in ten points. For example, he believed that the history of architecture should begin to be studied only in the third year in order to "avoid confusion and imitation." He insisted on introducing the architect to construction practice from the very beginning.

He considered it unacceptable to be at a construction site for the first time, having received an architectural diploma. Gropius was seen by a person by the ideal number of students of the architectural school. Larger educational institutions in his opinion would not be effective. The number of students per teacher should not exceed twelve to sixteen people. ” In the year, Gropius took part in the second stage of the competition for the draft Palace of Soviets.

When creating his project, he was guided by the old urban planning rule of Moscow, according to which the buildings above the bell tower of Ivan the Great could not be built in the historical center. As part of his visit, he gave a lecture cycle in Leningrad and studied new Soviet architecture with curiosity.In general, Soviet architecture did not impress him, but he warmly recalled the projects of Moses Ginzburg.

The verdict of Gropius regarding the state of Soviet architecture was accurate: standing people pushed and something incomprehensible. Armchair F51N, Tecta. Total Theater. Gropius was friends with the outstanding theater director Erwin Piscator, avant -garde, communist, who developed ideas close to Vsevolod Meyerhold. Together with the squeak, Gropius developed a project of the total theater in the year.

The theater found a transforming and suspended scene visible from any place. She could be in front of the scenery or be surrounded by seats on all sides. The project of the Total Theater was not implemented, but was widely discussed in theatrical and architectural circles. Philip Rosental and Walter Gromius Gift to motorists. Gropius was the first to think of the fact that in the car you need to not only sit, but sometimes there was a need to lie down.

Designing a sedan and a convertible for the ADLER Frankfurt Automobile Company, Gropius came up with a seat that transforms into a bed. The most commercially successful model released in Bauhaus workshops.