Biography of Giuseppe Montesano

The main reason for the difference is that it is based on observation. We must remember that Maria Montessori was a scientist, she was a doctor. Scientists have a special way of observation, not just to watch, but to observe. Maria Montessori observed natural politeness, interest in the environment that children show. She found that the most important thing for each child is acceptance.

Maria Montessori was born on August 31 in the city of KyaA -Avall in Italy. Italy united this year, it was a century of education. Then there were many outstanding artists, scientific discoveries. The father of Maria Montessori is Alessandro Montessori, he was engaged in politics and was the head of the tobacco factory. Mother of Maria Montessori - Renilda Stoppanni Montessori, was a very interesting and educated woman, she was a teacher and was engaged in children of the working factory where her husband worked.

The family of the mother of Maria Montessori was also educated. The mother of Maria Montessori always supported her. And her father did not always provide her with support, at least at the beginning of her career. At some point, their family moved to Rome. Maria Montessori, who was the only child in the family, decided to study engineering. It was an unusual choice for a young girl.

After some time, she changed her decision and chose medicine. She entered a medical school and trouble began. Men did not want to see women there, women could not open corpses into the presence of men. Maria Montessori had to open the corpses at night. She overcame all the difficulties and completed her training. She became one of the first women - doctors in Europe.

In addition to the passion for the study of medicine, it has always been interested in women's rights, and later the rights of children. She performed and fought for the rights of women and children who were infringed. In the year, she performed in Berlin, where she defended the rights of women. She was an attractive woman and she was called a "beautiful Italian." It hurt her, because she did not want to be just a beautiful Italian, she wanted to fight for the rights and contribute.

She began to be interested in mental illness of the “mind”. She began to work and observe in a hospital with nervous and mental disorders. At that time, such hospitals contained both adults and children. Watching the children in such conditions, she noticed that they collect crumbs from the floor, they had no toys at all, but they needed to take their hands. During these years, she works under the leadership of the older doctor Santa de Santis, he was her mentor.

Santa de Santis was the head of a psychiatric clinic in Rome. Of course, many, another young man of Giuseppe Montesano, worked with him. And these three people, working together, observing, opened a new direction in medicine - a children's neuropsychiatry. At that time, it was not a married mother was unacceptable. Giuseppe Montesano made the proposal of Maria Montessori, but she did not want to get married.

Since she could not imagine her life as a married woman, she could not continue her medical career. Therefore, her son lived for the first time with his family in a suburbs of Rome, Maria Montessori kept his existence a secret. She regularly visited him, but did not say that she was his mother. At some point, Mario himself guessed who she was, he asked Mary, and she admitted.

He was about 15 years old. They went to America almost immediately, at first she represented him as her nephew. Mario Montessori was an outstanding person, he developed many materials. He was interested in the age of years. He became a personal translator of Maria Montessori, he could speak many languages. Maria Montessori used some of the materials developed by them. She did not hide this, said that her method is a combination of three scientists.

After the birth of Mario, she returned and began to work as a doctor - an assistant at the University of Psychiatric Clinic in Rome. She had extensive experience working with children with a deviation. Later, she goes to Congress in Turin, where he makes a fairly loud statement that the problem of these children with a lag in development is not medical, but educational. Maria Montessori impressed the government so much that the orthophrenic correction of the mind was opened, in which special teachers began to prepare.

Who can teach children with special needs. Maria Montessori is appointed director of this institute. She taught at this institution, studied with children. Some of the children with whom she was engaged were admitted to state exams. Many of them showed results that exceed the results of ordinary children. This made Maria Montessori think about the problem of the formation of “normal” children.

At this time, she makes a speech about women's rights, speaks of children's work. Is engaged in teaching. Decides to receive another education. He is engaged in philosophy, anthropology and philosophy. It is also the head of the department of the department of hygiene at the school in Rome.Then she was offered to become the head of the Department of Anthropology, she is a full -fledged professor at the University in Rome.

She also worked as an inspector at school. Maria Montessori asks the authorities to give her the opportunity to work with “normal” children. And finally, in the year she has such an opportunity in San Lorenzo, the area of ​​Rome on Vika de Martsy Street, she is entrusted with children of years old, who were left to their own and played very destructively, spoiled public property. Maria Montessori organized a small class of CAZO de Bambini and began to work.

She experimented a lot, watched the children. Her children went in aprons with their pockets, and as an encouragement they received sweets, over time Montessori began to notice that sweets remain in their pockets. So, they are not important, like motivation, something else is important. She discovered several curious things: children need to use their hands, in children special thinking - up to 6 years old “absorbing mind”.

She found that young children have special points of “focus”, behind which concentration occurs. A woman without experience worked at her school, she was easier to teach, since the ideas of Maria Montessori did not cause her resistance, there was no struggle with past experience, and together they made many discoveries. They opened: how children begin to write unexpectedly, and even later they can read what they wrote when no one expects this from them, simply because such a period came.

Maria Montessori wrote the book “My Method of Scientific Pedagogy”. She was guided by age, it was an ideal age for the emergence of her method. She began to conduct training courses so that more people could apply her ideas. In the year, she gave an international course, people came to him from all over the world. In the year, she conducted a course in America.

And at the exhibition in San Francisco, she showed a “glass” class. It was a splash! Maria Montessori conducts training courses around the world. At this time, Italy was the leader of Italy, he was an ardent adherent of fascism. He liked the method of Maria Montessori, he saw that he was working. He was the president of Opera Montessori. Mussolini wanted all schools in Italy to work according to the Montessori method, but on the condition that they would promote the ideas of fascism.

Maria Montessori refused. Mussolini drove her out of Italy. Maria and Mario moved to Spain. There began the civil war and the British literally saved its family. The first wife of Mario was an American, her name was Helen. Maria Montessori leads training courses in London. Mario meets Ada, she is a Dutch, they are engaged and Mario and Maria move to Holland. In the year, one Theosophical Society invites her to India.

And the Second World War begins. India was a British colony, and Mario and Maria have passports of fascist Italy.