Biography of Ust Kamenogorsk

The past and present Ustkaman-notes of the traveler on October 2, Yuri Ayazov Ust-Kamenogorsk-one of the oldest cities in the country. Today it is an administrative and financial center of Eastern Kazakhstan. For many years he was content with the status of a deposit district town, because nearby there is a much larger and developed families. But the city has an interesting history and picturesque architecture, a significant part of which has been preserved in its historical center.

The story of Ust-Kamenogorsk was clearly imprinted in stone and wood. The entire architectural fund of the old city consists of these materials. Here are ancient merchant mansions in the style of modern and eclecticism, and the Stalinist Empire, and Soviet modernism, and modern buildings, the term for which does not yet exist. Through centuries, despite the fact that the city is more than the city, other eras are not expressed in architecture as clearly as the three above.

However, this was quite enough for the formation of their own appearance. Let's compare different eras of the city’s life that are preserved in photographs.

Photo: A. Menovshchikova’s office. A full -fledged industrial revolution in the region occurred during the Great Patriotic War, when large industrial enterprises were evacuated to East Kazakhstan. However, since the 18th century, many researchers and geologists have been sent here, since the local places were considered incredibly rich in minerals. In particular, Andrei Savelyevich Menovshchikov succeeded in gold mining.

In Ust-Kamenogorsk, he built a whole business center. In the year, this business quarter was captured by the photographer Stefan Gorlov from the bell tower of the Pokrovsky Cathedral, which once stood in the very center of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Along the street of Tulegen Tokhtarov is a building in which the East Kazakhstan Museum of Arts is now located. The house where A.

Menovshchikov lived is at the intersection with the street to them. In general, it was on this street that the maximum of buildings of the century before last was preserved. Photo: The house of the merchant Kurochkin opposite the house of Menovshchikova is the former house of the merchant Kurochkin. In the years of the twentieth century, he was rebuilt under an administrative building.

Today there is the city department of architecture. The local “Arbat” city activists and urbanists repeatedly proposed to make a walking “Arbat” on this street. As a result, the local Arbat appeared on Babitshilik Street. Historical development has also been preserved here in a lower concentration. This is mainly the houses of the period of the Stalin Empire. Photo: The house of the merchant Kozhevnikov, if we talk about well -preserved buildings in the area, we can note the former trading house of the merchant Kozhevnikov.

It was built after the outbreak of the First World War. Captured soldiers, mainly Czechs, were engaged in its direct construction. In recent years, before the revolution and until the end of the NEP, the best dishes in the city were traded here. Already in the late Soviet years, the Altai restaurant was located in the house. Today it is the exhibition hall of the East Kazakhstan architectural and ethnographic museum.

Photo: Kalancha also preserved the building of the fire depot of Ust-Kamenogorsk, although its condition is far from perfect. It was built in the year with the aim of modernizing the entire fire infrastructure. The development of Ust-Kamenogorsk has always been dense, and the city has repeatedly suffered from fires. So, in the year the Ust-Kamennaya fortress from where the city went completely burned down.

And in years, fires flashed several times in the city itself. More than a century has passed and the “Fires” were relocated to other places. Kalancha went into history, but the depot fragment was still preserved, albeit disassembled into private garages. Photo: People’s house south along Babitshille Street is a building that can be called the embodiment of the architectural antiquity of Ust-Kamenogorsk.

This is a former people's house before the revolution, the drama theater in Soviet times and the Friendship House up to a year. The building was made in a neo-Romanian style rare for Kazakhstan and once served as the focus of the social life of the city. The authorities opened such houses in order to ensure the access of the working class to culture and somehow calm the revolutionary sentiments.

The folk house became the center of leisure: amateur performances played on a small stage on the second floor, concerts, musical evenings, popular science lectures, and political disputes were held. In the year, Soviet power was proclaimed from the balcony of this building. Then the theater settled here and lodged there until the middle of the X, until he moved to the new quarter.

Photo: The male gymnasium next to the People’s House is the East Kazakhstan Regional Architectural and Ethnographic Museum. A building, similar to a small palace or a manor, at different times was a male school, a gymnasium, and a StatePaline for the wounded in the Great Patriotic War. In the post -Soviet time, a museum was located here. The school gave the literary world a noticeable name - writer Alexander Melentievich Volkov, the creator of the “Wizard of the Emerald City”, “Urfin Jus and his wooden soldiers”.

A wonderful writer was part of the first issue of this gymnasium and here also taught for several years.Photo: Chapel Gymnasium stands from the east side of the entrance to Zhastar Park earlier - Kirov Park. Today, this place has changed a lot in comparison with how a century ago it looked. Previously, the main cathedral of Ust-Kamenogorsk-the Pokrovsky temple, once the highest building stood here.

From his bell tower, a beautiful view of the city opened. It was from here that the first photography of Ust-Kamenogorsk was taken. Alas, he shared the fate of many temples and churches after the revolution of the year. At first it was closed, and in this place they broke the park to them. Only in the year the chapel was erected here in memory of the new martyrs of Russia and Kazakhstan.

Photo Central Mosque in general, East Kazakhstan is a unique place in terms of cultural synthesis. And this manifests itself even in architecture. Firstly, in East Kazakhstan the ruins of the Buddhist monastery Ablaikit have been preserved, an object for the country is largely unique. And as before Christianity and Islam, in Ust-Kamenogorsk there is a building where these two religions converge literally.

The fact is that before the revolution in the city there was only one mosque. In Soviet times, she was demolished, and now at this place of a new building. Already in the years of independence, when a place for a new mosque was chosen in the city, it was decided to redo the former building of the male parish school for it. By the beginning of X, different organizations were housed here.

And since that time, it has the central mosque of Ust-Kamenogorsk. It is symbolic that in one old building of the beginning of the twentieth century there were two main religious denominations of Kazakhstan. Photo: The Mariinsk School is no less interesting fate with the Mariinsky School. At the end of the 19th century, educational institutions for girls and girls begin to open throughout the Russian Empire.

Emperor Alexander II signed a decree in the year allowing women to hire women. It was then that qualified women were urgently needed in different parts of the state. And if in the capitals there were institutes of noble girls, “Bestuzhevsk courses”, in the province did not dream of anything like that. Then the star hour came for provincial girls. The appearance of the first women's school in Ust-Kamenogorsk contributed to political exiles: Democrats Orest Kostyurin, Evgeny Michaelis Soratnik and friend of Abay, as well as the prototype of Bazarov in the novel Fathers and Children, and many others contributed to the appearance of Democrats.

Kirova, in X - a city hospital. And then to this day - the exhibition hall of the ethnographic museum. Photo: Trinity Cathedral The old preserved building in the city is the Holy Trinity Cathedral in the complex of the monastery of the same name. It has seen a lot of tests in its lifetime. His story began in the year when it was decided to build the first stone church in Ust-Kamenogorsk.

The old wooden one a few years before that burned during a large fire of the year. In the process of construction, the flood changed several times, and as a result, the building turned out the way we see it today. The whole XIX century, the cathedral stood in this form and was perhaps the most prayed temple of Ust-Kamenogorsk, the center of the spiritual life of the city.

Photo: The Holy Trinity Cathedral and Voentorg in the year were handed over to the Renovationists-Church Children's Church. However, already from the temple they also took them from them. Further, the clouds began to thicken even more: compared to other temples of Kazakhstan, the Holy Trinity Cathedral was especially unlucky. Within the walls of the Holy Trinity Cathedral, there were a vegetable base, a warehouse of Voentorg, a garrison club.

The internal interior was destroyed and plundered. The bell tower, the dome and the church fence were stolen. The building itself also soon came into a dilapidated state. By the end of the Soviet regime, the appearance had little reminiscent of the temple. Only perestroika and the subsequent collapse of the Union, at the beginning of the X, returned a spiritual life to the temple.

Photo: a bridge across the Ulbu River New Life of the city after the war, Ust-Kamenogorsk, became a truly large industrial center, "Koned Metallurgy of Kazakhstan." A new era began, and as it should be in any new era, it is reflected in new areas of the city. The new area is located on the other side of the Ulbe River. Accordingly, a new bridge was built. Earlier through Ulba, they crossed only on a pontoon crossing.