Chernyaev General Biography

In UJLS, he participated in military expeditions in Central Asia. Since the beginning of the Herzegovy-Bosnian uprising of the years, contrary to the desire of the Russian government, he went to Belgrade and was appointed commander in chief of the Serbian army. To the Turkestan Governor-General. Member of the Crimean War - Gg. In - gg. In the city of in - gg. In connection with the beginning of the uprising in the Balkans against the power of the Turkish Sultan in the city of the city of Orlov, A.

Historical Dictionary. Chernyaev Mikhail Grigoryevich from the nobles of the Mogilev province. He graduated from the Academy of the General Staff by a participant in the Crimean War and hostilities against the highlanders of the North Caucasus. He was the chief of staff of the Orenburg Governor General. In years, commanding a special West Siberian detachment, he seized Auli-Atu, Chimkent and Tashkent on the territory of the Kokand Khanate on his own initiative.

In the years - the military governor of the Turkestan region; removed for excess of their powers. In the years, together with the military publicist, R. Fadeev published in St. Petersburg the conservative-nationalist newspaper "Russian World". In the year, contrary to the desire of the Russian government, who tried to resolve the Balkan crisis with a diplomatic way, left for Belgrade and was appointed commander in chief of the Serbian Army during the war of Serbia and Montenegro against Turkey in the year, but was defeated.

In the years - the Turkestan Governor -General, from the year - a member of the Military Council. Retired from the year. Without possessing the talents of the commander, he was distinguished by adventurism, for which he was caustically ridiculed by M. Saltykov-Shchedrin in the Modern Idillia the image of General Rededy. Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes.

Tom Literature: Mikhailov A. The Biographical Essay, St. Petersburg, was born in the family of an officer, a participant in the Patriotic War was brought up from the age of 12 in the noble regiment, and graduated from the course at the Academy of the General Staff. During the Crimean War, Chernyaev fought with the Turks on the Danube B, participated in the Battle of Inkerman in October.

Even against the backdrop of the defenders of Sevastopol Chernyaev stood out with his crazy courage. However, Chernyaev did not bow not only bullets, but also to the authorities. He did not hide his contempt for the rear embezzlers and openly condemned the ridiculous orders of the “parquet” generals who give orders to Sevastopol while in St. Petersburg.

A similar character trait of Chernyaeva constantly led him to conflicts with the highest St. Petersburg bureaucracy. At the end of the war, Chernyaev became the chief of staff of the infantry division. It was very honorable for the summer officer, but Chernyaev never loved staff work, and even in the army of peacetime. He asked the authorities about transferring to those lands where the shots rattled and was far from official St.

Petersburg. Such a place was an Orenburg region where skirmishes with the subject of the Central Asian khanates nomads did not stop. Various Kyrgyz clans now called the Kazakhs arranged robberies on Russian settlements, stealing captives into slavery to Central Asia, robbed trade caravans, tried to outraged the Tatars and Bashkirs against the Russian authorities.

Chernyaev at a new place of service quickly became a professional in the steppe border war. He went to Chernyaev to the Caucasus, where, under the leadership of General N. Evdokimov, he went through the school of counter -partisan war against the highlanders. The old Caucasian servant Evdokimov completed the pacification of the Caucasus. Chernyaev was with him in all the final operations of the Caucasian War.

By the pacification of the Caucasus, Chernyaev again went to the Orenburg region. Apparently, he felt a special sympathy for the very heart of Asia. Probably, even then Chernyaev had the idea of ​​joining Turkestan to Russia, despite the complete indifference of official St. Petersburg to Central Asia. The Russian government decided to hide the Orenburg passing along the river.

Ural and Siberian on the river. Irtysh of the fortifications line, creating a new defensive line in the depths of the Turkestan steppes. Such advancement in Turkestan set purely defensive tasks against the possible elaboration of the British from India and to suppress the raids of the Hitins and Kokandians. Lieutenant Colonel Chernyaev, commanding a small cavalry detachment, understood his tasks more broadly than his bosses.

Chernyaev moved deep into Turkestan, defeated the Kokandans, taking the cities of Auli-Ata and Chimkent. The latter was considered an impregnable fortress, having powerful fortifications, but the soldiers of Chernyaev entered Chimkent along the water supply through a vaulted window in the fortress wall. Then Chernyaev went to Tashkent, but did not take it, limiting himself to reconnaissance in battle.

The following with an army of 2 thousand. Tashkent was stormed on the night of June 14 to 15. In the busy territory, Chernyaev managed to attract the sympathy of the population to himself and the Russian power. The Massnyaev, who had seen many ferocious conquerors in the person of Chernyaev, was not only a brave warrior that was always valued in the East, but also a ruler who respected Muslim customs, a good and fair ruler.

Chernyaev’s troops did not offend civilians and did not encroach on their property.Chernyaev canceled slavery in the conquered territories, annulled the majority of taxes, officials from among local residents began to receive a salary from the treasury before they lived at the expense of the offers of the petitioners. It is not surprising that in the near future Chernyaev with a handful of soldiers for hundreds of miles from the nearest Russian garrisons could be completely calm for the position of his power in Tashkent.

Residents of Central Asia respectfully nicknamed Chernyaev with the “Tashkent lion”, emphasizing the strength, courage and majesty of the winner. In St. Petersburg, however, Chernyaev’s arbitrariness were alarmed. Military Minister D. Milyutin was dissatisfied with the non -notification of Chernyaev orders. The diplomatic department received notes of protest from London, Comrade Chernyaev unexpectedly became the hero of the Russian and world press.

The newspapers called him the "Ermak of the XIX century", and this nickname was forever attached to him. In the end, the official Petersburg made a decision in relation to the self-sided hero Solomonov: Chernyaev was made to Major General, received many awards, in Clause, the conquest of Central Asia, which had begun by the Generals of Romanovsky, Kaufman and Skobelev, but Chernyaev was removed from all kinds of things.

In Chernyaev, along with his long -standing retired general, R. Fadeev acquired the Russian World newspaper. On the pages of the newspaper Chernyaev, who suddenly discovered the talent of a publicist, he became a fierce critic of the St. Petersburg bureaucracy and the liberal reforms carried out by it. With special knowledge, Chernyaev criticized the preparing military reform.

In fairness, it should be noted that mainly Chernyaev personally attacked the minister of D. Milyutin, and in ardor was unfair, criticizing absolutely everything that the military ministry did. In smallestness, Chernyaev spoke out against teaching in military educational institutions of civil disciplines or against the literacy of soldiers.

But otherwise, Chernyaev’s articles were quite balanced and fair, and it was no coincidence that the “Russian world” became one of the noticeable conservative printed organs. On the pages of the newspaper, the program of future counter-reforms X was set out, an assessment of the ongoing domestic and international events from the national-Russian point of view was given.

Chernyaev became close to the leader of the Slavophiles by I. Aksakov, and soon became a noticeable figure in the Slavophil movement. Meanwhile, in Bosnia, the uprising of local Serbs against the Turkish yoke began. Soon the uprising began in Bulgaria, and the little principality of Serbia was preparing to help their fellow tribesmen. Of course, the Russian people could not leave without the support of their scary and unique brothers in the Balkans.

Hundreds of Russian volunteers rushed to Serbia. Naturally, Chernyaev also could not stay away. He was one of the first and at the same time in the highest rank of Russian military who offered their services to Serbian Prince. Milan Obreenovich. It should be noted that through the Slavic committees of I. Aksakov Chernyaev, he established contact with Serbia even before however, to go to Serbia to the disgraced general, who made many enemies among the St.

Petersburg bureaucracy, his articles were not so simple. The Foreign Ministry refused to give Chernyaev a foreign passport. But this could not become an obstacle to him. Taking advantage of the intended squabbles in the official world, Chernyaev went to Moscow and received a passport there. Immediately after that, Chernyaev went to the Balkans.